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A study of growth during the first two years. The data were secured from periodic and comparative examinations of individual infants in a guidance nursery. Part I deals with the mechanics of observation. A specially constructed 16-mesh wire screen permits an observer to observe the entire field of the nursery without being seen by the infants. An interchangeable and interadjustable observation compartment permits of the observation of the more rangy and freer body adaptations of the child. A clinical crib, adjustable in many directions, is especially adapted to the needs of photographic research. A complicated observational dome makes possible the concealment from the view of the infant of the photographic operator, as well as standardized and flexible control of the cameras, of which two are still and two cinema. Specimens of the photographs obtained are shown; among these are several pairs of simultaneous photographs. The comparative method is employed in clinical observation. Part II states that inherent maturation factors determine the tempo of development. Hemihypertrophy is discussed as having a bearing on embryonic conditions which determine normal bodily and mental development. The developmental consequences of twinning are discussed. A drawing developmental index is considered useful as an indicator of the degree of psychomotor development. Motor theories of mental development are criticized. Part III which deals with the significance of infancy, is semi-historical and speculative and presents numerous miscellaneous facts. It raises the question of heredity vs. environment, and deals with concepts of growth potency and maturation. The last few chapters amplify the idea that growth yields to measurement and prediction.
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"The strongest point about this little book is that it is the result of highly cooperative work. In the group that has written it have been parents, teachers at each level of child growth, supervisors, and people with highly technical training, all of them people with common, every-day experience in helping children grow up wholesomely and happily. The minds of the group have worked together, the backgrounds of the group have been combined into a common background of understanding of young children and how they grow and what they need. Continuous thought and experimentation over a period of about ten years by this group have given the book authoritativeness and practicality. Let it not be forgotten, however, that none of us fully understands the intricacies of child development and that no two children are alike. The reader of this book will find repeated warning against accepting anything in it as an absolute fiat, against generalizing from what may be expected of children in general to what may be expected of a particular individual. What gives teaching and parenthood their chief fascination is the fact that one is never, if one does, one's job well, treading a beaten path. Every child is virgin territory to be explored. Others' explorations are invaluable help, else we should not be publishing this book, but while one's own previous experiences and the experiences of others may give one general warning and general good counsel, one must approach each individual child with an attitude of trying to understand him, of discovering his own special needs, of becoming aware of his particular potentialities and how he may most satisfyingly and wholesomely develop them. Two to Six shares with its readers such knowledge and experience as its authors have been able to gather. To this each parent and teacher will have to add his own experience and skill and a growing insight into the individual child's nature and needs"--Foreword. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
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Economic conditions. Economic development --- economic development --- economische ontwikkelingen --- Belgium
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Economic conditions. Economic development --- economic development --- economische ontwikkelingen --- Belgium
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